Foil Hatter (foil_hatter@chudbuds.lol)'s status on Wednesday, 01-Mar-2023 02:56:07 JST
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Small hydro is either very inefficient, low yields, or it's quite high tech and needs as expensive maintenance as for small wind though. Also, small water will not work when (if) river is frozen or water level is low.
Simplest and most reliable in terms of maintenance is solar. For under 10k investment you get 2 to 4k return in electric bill. That's with grid-tied system I have and with rather high electricity costs throughout past year. We're talking about ~22 .. 24 full size 2m by 1m panels saturating at 11kW on inverter.
For batteries, I recommend getting one salvaged from crashed EV together with it's BMS and charger. Use SimpBSM open source board to get it to charge and report the stats. It's much better than lead acid stack and it will serve longer if you do not over-heat or freeze it. Lead acid is a bitch to take care of and it will not last forever anyway. Also, as Eiregoat said, you will need to mess with Sulfuric acid and distilled water to top them up and they lose that solution by vaporizing it at charge time. So you will have slightly acidic atmosphere all over the place - not large concentrations, but still a catalyst for rust.
Simplest way of charging EV battery module from sun is by using hybrid inverter with lead-acid charge mode with manual voltage set-point. If you have EV's pack with BMS integrated, you just use SimpBMS to signal charge on / charge off to inverter and in inverter itself you set the max charge voltage. That's it. If I am not mistaken, Fronius has this mode. And bonus with hybrid inverter is that you can still be grid tied when / if you want to and you have your AC output for your in-house infrastructure otherwise.
From my own experience you get shit all yield at winter though. 3 darkest months are practically zero. IMHO the best way is to combine solar, wind and water, if you have means, real estate and location allowing for that. But large battery pack _ solar is fine too if you are in a country or state that is rich of sun and you can get enough of it in wintertime too. Australia, Spain, IDK what you have there, Amerimuts -Arzona? The important thing is how high the sun gets in sky in winter, so closer you are to Equator, better yields you get.
Bottom line - battery will save you at nights and rainy fays, but not through the winter with solar. Combinations of sources are best.