It gets worse when you realize that a lot of banks hold government bonds as a "cash equivalent" because it's assumed that the government will ALWAYS pay it's debts.
Bonds from 2010-2020 were 0% interest, so basically the government just promised to pay you back, in 10 years, or 30 years, or whatever.
Now the government is issuing new debt at 5% so these 5% bonds are in high demand, but who wants the old 0% bonds?
So if you need to turn a bond into cash, typically what you do is you sell it on the open market, but you're trying to sell 0 interest bonds which are competing with 5% interest bonds the govt is selling right now. When nobody wants the bond you're holding, you're forced to lower the price...
5% APR compounded annually over 10 years is total interest of 21% of principle, so you see these 0% bonds are only selling for about 20% less under their face value. And when you're a bank, losing 20% on your "safest" asset is a big deal.
1. People deposited money in the banks 2. Banks lent it out at 3% (back during 0% interest era) 3. Interest suddenly went to 5% 4. Everyone withdrew their money and put it into govt debt because it pays 5% and banks pay near 0% 5. Effective run on all banks at the same time
Then we can talk about commercial real estate. All of those big glass buildings, shopping centers, etc. Those places are bought up by guys whose only business is to rent them out. Then you have businesses paying rent. Well what happens when the businesses fold and stop paying? The owner can't make mortgage but the banks is not really incentivized to repossess the place because ... who they gonna sell it to? Some other guy who also offers it for rent to the same businesses that don't exist?
The bank has essentially 2 options: 1. Stick with the current owner, let him skip mortgage payments, lend him more money to stay afloat and hope for a better future 2. Repossess the place and put it up for auction, and recoup 50% of your loan.
Right now, banks are choosing #1 "extend and pretend", but these properties are NOT worth what is owed on them.
The only reason why shorting banks is not a guaranteed trade is because everyone expects them to get bailed out - which is another fuckery... The market doesn't work anymore because every trade is a bet on what the government is going to do next.
And bank balance sheets are super fucked, they have all of these "assets" which are marked as being worth something, but if they were put up to market tomorrow, they wouldn't be worth half of that.
@cjd Oh man now that is definitely a collapsing, hunk of rubble there. The Commercial real estate, companies, looting, shutting down.. thats a disaster