Given the general move over the last 50 years (through the GATT & then the WTO to an environment patterned by free trade principles & actions) you would be right to presume that in the general case tariffs do often if not always rebound on the country using them.
We might draw a distinction between tariffs used as externally facing 'weapons' & those used as 'infant industry protection', of course.
Broadly speaking, Trump's tariffs look like the former not the latter