Traditionally, the goal of Artificial Intelligence research has been to create systems that would exhibit intelligence indistinguishable from human behaviour. Text-to-speech systems for instance, are evaluated on how natural and fluent the output sounds. Though intelligence and understanding should not be conflated with systems that exhibit humanlike behaviour (Bender and Koller, 2020), the human tendency to anthropomorphise convinces us of a machine’s apparent intelligence (Proudfoot, 2011). It is in part due to this longstanding goal of anthropomorphic systems that there only exists a small body of work that does not seek to anthropomorphise, despite the growing awareness of the harms that can arise from anthropomorphising systems.
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