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For the 25th day of White History Month we celebrate European Unity at the Battle of Saint Gotthard and the Great Turkish War!
In 1526, the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent had crushed the Hungarian army at the Battle of Mohács, killing their King Louis II and subjugating the kingdom. At that time Europe was badly divided. The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V had been too preoccupied dealing with rebellions and wars with France, to provide sufficient forces to Hungary. Now the Ottoman Empire was on the borders of the Reich. Taking advantage of the wars in Europe, Suleiman went on to besiege Vienna in 1529. The key fortress city holding the Ottomans out of central Europe. The fall of Vienna could have lead to the collapse of the badly divided German and Italian states, who were warring with each other. Then all of central Europe may have fallen to the Turks.
The defense of the city was given to Nicholas, Count of Salm. At age 17, Nicholas fought the Battle of Morat 1476 against Charles the Bold. In 1488 he fought in Flanders and was made an Imperial Colonel. In 1509 he fought in Italy under Georg von Frundsberg and conquered Istria. At the Battle of Pavia in 1525 Nicholas of Salm played an important role in taking King Francis I of France prisoner. The following year he crushed the Peasants' Revolt in Tirol and conquered Schladming. Now aged 70, he was tasked with the defense of Vienna. For 2 weeks and 4 days, the 17,000 Christian defenders held out against 125,000 Turks. In the non-stop fighting they killed 15,000 and lost only 1500. While civilian casualties were much higher. Eventually Suleiman called off the siege. During the siege, Nicholas was badly wounded, and died a few months later from his wounds.
European division continued until 1648, with the end of the last great war of religion known as the Thirty Years War. The Peace of Westphalia was signed, which finally restored Christian unity. On August 1st 1664, the Ottoman army led by Grand Vizier Ahmed Pasha attempted to cross the Austrian border to march on Vienna. At the crossing of the Rába River, near the monastary of Saint Gotthard, the Turks numbering 150,000 and 360 guns were met with the League of the Rhine. A Christian coalition of 28,000 French, German, Italian, and Swiss soldiers with only 24 guns. The Christians held the crossing, which the turks attacked through, becoming surrounded on three sides. The enormous army continued pouring into the battle and began pushing the Christians back. The Turks fully overran the river crossing. The battle was then narrowly won by a sudden charge made by 6,000 French soldiers which surprised the advancing Turks and routed them into the river where they were cut down or drowned.